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ORAL SUBMICRON EMULSION- A BETTER APPROACH FOR ORAL DELIVERY OF BCS CLASS-II DRUGS

Jain Vishal, Saraf Sawaranlata, Vyas A., Gupta Ashutosh Kumar

Sub-micron emulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant. Sub-micron emulsion is a vital tool in solving low bioavailability issues of poorly soluble drugs. In sub-micron emulsion hydrophobic drugs can be dissolved which makes them able to be administered as a unit dosage form for per-oral administration. When such a system is released in lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, it disperses to form a fine emulsion (micro/nano) with the aid of GI fluid. This leads to in situ solubilization of drug that can subsequently be absorbed by lymphatic pathway, bypassing the first-pass effect. The basic structure of submicron emulsion is a natural lipid core (i.e.-triglyceride) stabilized by a monolayer of amphiphilic lipid (i.e. - phospholipids). Such emulsion can stabilize considerable amounts of lipophilic drugs in core or/and amphiphilic ones in the surface monolayer.


A REVIEW ON : ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS

Nilesh Jain*, Ruchi Jain, Vaibhav Jain and Surendra Jain

Medicinal plants are the nature's gift to human being to have disease-free healthy life. It plays a vital role to preserve our health. In recent times, the use of herbal products has increased tremendously in the western world as well as developed countries. India is one of the most medico-culturally diverse countries in the world where the medicinal plant sector is part of a time-honored tradition that is respected even today. Medicinal plants are believed to be safer and proved elixir in the treatment of various ailments. Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani.


SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LEVOCETIRIZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AND MONTELUKAST SODIUM BY RP-HPLC METHOD

Sushma Somkuwar, A.K. Pathak

A reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Levocetirizine hydrochloride and Montelukast sodium in tablet formulation. The determination was carried out on a SUPELCOSILTM, LC-8 (15cm × 4.6 mm, 5 ìm) column using a mobile phase of 0.02M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution: methanol (40:60 v/v, pH 5.0). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min with detection at 218 nm. Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and montelukast sodium showed a linear response in the concentration range of 5-20 µg/ml and 10-40 µg/ml, respectively. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. Developed method was found to be simple, accurate, precise and selective for simultaneous estimation of Levocetirizine dihydrochloride and Montelukast sodium in tablet dosage forms.


METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE GC ASSAY OF á-PINENE IN TEA TREE OIL FORMULATION

Nikhil Gulati, Amit K. Goyal, K.S. Rajesh, Karan mittal, G. Rath

The present study was oriented towards the development and validation of Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method for pure Tea tree oil (TTO). Separation was achieved by Stationary phase ECTM- WAX, coated with polyimide that gives notorious flexibility of the capillary column, Film thickness (0.25µm), length 30m x0.25mm i.d and the o Injector and detector temperature, 230 and 240C. The data was acquired by data processing system, Nuchrom GC Software. 2 The samples and standard were prepared with dichloromethane. The calibration curve for á- pinenewas linear (r2= 0.998) from 0.1% to 0.5% range of the analytical concentration of pureá- pinene oil. The optimal separation was achieved at 9.69 minute.% R.S.D for the intra-day and inter-day precisions was found to be 0.949 and 0.781 respectively. The limits of detection and quantitation were determined to be 0.0003 % and 0.001 % respectively. Analytical performance demonstrated that the proposed method is highly sensitive, precise and accurate and hence was successfully applied for the quantification ofá- pinenein formulation of TTO.


EVALUATION OF ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CITRUS AURANTIUM AGAINST SOME GRAM POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE BACTERIAL STRAINS

Prasad Venu Gopal

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Citrus aurantium Linn. Dried leaf powder of Citrus aurantium was successively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol using Soxhlet and macerated to form water extract. All extracts were screened for its antibacterial using agar well diffusion method. The extracts showed antimicrobial activity were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay by two fold dilutions method. Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water extract exhibited in-vitro antibacterial activity.


ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF LEUCAS CLARKEI, A RARE SPECIES OF ODISHA, INDIA

Das Surya Narayan, Patro V.J., Dinda S.C.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic property of Leucas clarkei (whole plant) with preliminary phytochemical profile of the extracts.
Methods: The dried whole plant material (1500gm) was packed in soxhlet apparatus and extracted successively with Pet. Ether (PE) to defat the drug, petroleum ether was removed from the powdered defatted drug which was then extracted with benzene(BE), chloroform(CE) and 95% of Ethanol (EE) as increasing polarity and all extracts screened for anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activity using carrageenan induced paw edema and streptozotacin induced diabetic respectively. The toxicity and phytochemical screening were done using standard procedure.
Result: The preliminary phytochemical tests revealed the presence of alkaloids flavonoids, phytosterol, terpenoids, and phenolic acid. While carbohydrates and reducing sugars were absent. The acute toxicity study of various extracts of Leucas clarkei was conducted and dose of 325 mg/kg is fixed for anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic perperty. The petrolium ether and ethanolic extract of Leucas clarkei significantly decreased the paw edema induced by carrageenin in rats at a dose of 325 mg/kg comparable to standard ibuprofen (100 mg/kg). Similarly in case of antidiabetic property , the ethanolic and chloroform extract of Leucas clarkei at a dose level 325mg/kg, showed significant reduction in blood sugar level from 2 to 24 hours in progressive manner comparable to glibenclamide. (5mg / kg)


QSAR STUDIES OF SUBSTITUTED PHENYL SULPHONAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS g-SECRETASE INHIBITOR

Archana Ahirwar, A. K. Pathak, Anand B. Mundada

The series of 23 compounds based on substituted phenyl sulphonamide derivatives were used to identify the requirement for the essential features by 2D QSAR. The individual, estate contribution and alignment independent were found to be important 2 descriptors for the building the model. The best model has the coefficient of correlation (r2) of 0.8 with the error of 0.2611.